The Fraud
The chain of instruments that erased a treaty-protected people was not merely unlawful. It was fraudulent. That distinction is decisive, because the law contains express rules for fraud, and a principle older than all of them: fraus omnia corrumpit, fraud unravels everything it touches. A void act might, in theory, be argued back to life. A fraudulent one cannot. Fraud is not cured by the passage of time, by silence, by acquiescence, or by consent. This is the defect that never heals, and every element of it is documented in the United States' own archive.
"The longest unbroken diplomatic relationship in United States history." "Obsolete and without effect." The same government. The same treaty.
In House Resolution 251, introduced March 25, 2025, members of the United States Congress placed on the Congressional Record that the 1836 Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the Empire of Morocco and the United States remains the longest unbroken relationship in the nation's history. In a State Department note of March 17, 1959, the same government called that same treaty obsolete and without effect. Both cannot be true. One of them is false, and whichever one the United States chooses, the people the treaty protected were never lawfully removed from it.
International law does not merely forbid this. It provides express provisions for fraud, corruption, and coercion, and a principle that reaches all three.
"If a State has been induced to conclude a treaty by the fraudulent conduct of another negotiating State, the State may invoke the fraud as invalidating its consent to be bound."— Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Article 49 (customary international law)
Article 49 reaches fraud; Article 50 reaches corruption of a state's representative; Article 51 reaches coercion of a representative; Article 52 makes an instrument procured by force void. Behind them stands a general principle of law recognized by nations: fraus omnia corrumpit, fraud vitiates everything founded on it. And a wrongdoer cannot acquire rights through its own fraud, nor plead the victim's silence as consent. These rules are invoked as customary international law, binding regardless of ratification.
The fraud is not an accusation resting on interpretation. Each of its elements is documented in the United States' own government records.
Fraud has no statute of limitations, no cure by silence, and returns no profit to the wrongdoer. That is what makes this the strongest ground of all.
A fraudulently concealed injury is not defeated by delay: the sixty-seven years without a remedy are a product of the concealment, not a defense to it. The class cannot be estopped by a silence enforced through a forum the United States itself closed. Every act built on the fraudulent chain, the renaming, the application of Alien Enemies Act enforcement, inherits the taint. And the United States cannot invoke the "changed circumstances" its own fraud created.
The status was never lawfully, nor honestly, removed. It is intact. You were not brought into someone else's story. You were renamed inside your own, and it was done to hide a fraud that does not expire.